White Collar Crime An Definition Of Occupational...

David O. Friedrichs provided more accurate definition of occupational deviance because the term seems to be applied to activities drifted away from the original meaning of White Collar crime. It’s blended with the term conventional crime. Edwin Sutherland introduced the concept of white-collar crime in 1939. There were conceptual confusions with the term occupational crime, occupational deviance, and workplace crime because these terms are combined with white-collar crime. Friedrichs (2002) defined occupational deviances as â€Å"characterized as activity undertaken for one’s own gain, or to cope with workplace stress, and not for the benefit of one’s employer or organization† (p.249). Quinney (1964), â€Å"Because the validity of white collar crime as a form of crime has been a subject of severe controversy, the question of conceptual clarity has largely been ignored. Today, as a result, the meaning of the concept is not always clear† (p208). Friedrichs’ used Gary Green’s theory to explain white-collar crime. Green described occupational crime into four types; Organizational Occupational Crime, State Authority Occupational Crime, Professional Occupational Crime, and Individual Occupational Crime. Organizational Occupational Crime is comparable to corporate crimes. Using legitimate employment in an organization as an opportunity for crime. The crime is usually environmental pollution because it involved with the corporate personnel with different levels of implementation to haveShow MoreRelatedThe And White Collar Crime897 Words   |  4 Pages1. Literature Review Crimes have been occurring in our society for many years and recently the occurrence of non-violent crimes has increased dramatically. Traditional and white collar crimes have two traits in common, an objective and a modus operandi, but the major difference is that a white collar criminal has a plan and also the ability, knowledge and technology to execute it (Nevis, 2012). White-collar crimes can occur at any occupational level and affects all parts of society, from big businessesRead More Radical Criminology Essay2456 Words   |  10 PagesCriminal law involves prosecution by the state of a person for an act that has been classified as a crime (Criminal law, 2010). But who gets to decide what acts are criminal? It should be no surprise that the individuals with the most power do. For radical criminologists, the problem arises in capitalist societies because it is in these societies where the means of production are owned privately by a small number of people. Based on the writings of Karl Marx, radical criminologists argue that theRead MoreHow Does the Criminal Justice System Respond to White Collar and Corporate Crime?2543 Words   |  11 PagesRESPOND TO WHITE COLLAR AND CORPORATE CRIME? White-collar crime poses a vexing problem for the criminal justice system (CJS). It is an enormously complex global issue that is growing rapidly and is a cross-border problem. White-collar crime is viewed differently in contrast to conventional crime as generally the public associate crime with street crimes such as robbery, burglary or homicide. Affluent and privileged persons who enjoy an elevated social status and who engage in crimes are rarelyRead MoreCrime Is An Organization? Essay2026 Words   |  9 Pages1) So called â€Å"white collar† or â€Å"occupational† crime seems to be receiving more attention than ever these days, which is more of an indictment of its lax enforcement historically than of any indication of a truly reformed modern stance. What is meant is that this particular type of crime is so engrained into our culture that the famed Sociologist Edwin Sutherland estimates that fully 90% of our top seventy companies are â€Å"habitually criminal† in their actions (Schmalleger 404). Yet only recentlyRead MoreThe Growing Problem of White Collar Crimes in India19963 Words   |  80 PagesThe Growing Problem of White Collar Crimes in India â€Å"The practitioners of evil, the hoarders, the profiteers, the black marketers and speculators are the worst enemies of our society. They have to be dealt with sternly, however well placed important and influential they may be; if we acquiesce in wrongdoing, people will lose faith in us†- Dr Radhakrishnan Methodology The research methodology used for the present research article is traditional DoctrinalRead MoreControl Theory15246 Words   |  61 Pagespopular. His frameworks are bold—critics would say pretentious (Geis, 2000)—because they claim to be â€Å"general theories† that explain crime across types of crime and types of people. Hirschi also has shown little interest in race,class,and gender inequalities that others—especially those from more critical perspectives—see as fundamental to any explanation of crime (see, e.g., Miller Burack, 1993). Regardless of their merits, these critiques have done little to dim Hirschi’s influence; if anythingRead More SOLVED SOCI212 Quizzes 1 86149 Words   |  25 PagesPoints Question 1 of 20 1.0/ 1.0 Points 1. According to Feagin and Batur (2004), by the __________, the majority of the U.S. population will be comprised on non-Hispanic whites.   A.2030s.   B.2040s.   C.2050s.   D.2060s. Question 2 of 20 1.0/ 1.0 Points 2. Which of the following states listed does not currently have a non-white majority population?   A.Minnesota.   B.Hawaii.   C.Texas.   D.California. Question 3 of 20 1.0/ 1.0 Points 3. DeParle estimated that about __________ percent of theRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesDeveloping an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions for Review 32 Experiential ExerciseRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesCreativity 179 Conceptual Blocks 183 Percy Spencer’s Magnetron 185 Spence Silver’s Glue 185 The Four Types of Conceptual Blocks 185 Review of Conceptual Blocks 194 Conceptual Blockbusting 194 Stages in Creative Thought 194 Methods for Improving Problem Definition 195 Ways to Generate More Alternatives 199 International Caveats 202 Hints for Applying Problem-Solving Techniques 203 Fostering Creativity in Others 203 Management Principles 204 SKILL ANALYSIS 210 Cases Involving Problem Solving 210 The Mann GulchRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages5.3 after Manpower strategies for flexible organizations, Personnel Management August, Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (Atkinson, J. 1984); Figure 5.4 from Kalleberg, A., Flexible firms and labour market segmentation: effects of workplace restructuring on jobs and workers, Work and Occupations (Vol. 30 Issue 2) pp. 154–175, copyright 2003 by Sage Publications, reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc.; Figure 5.5 reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd from Clegg

Essay about Comparison of Michelangelo8217s and...

Comparison of Michelangelo8217s and Bernini8217s Davids â€Å"The greatest artist has no conception which a single block of marble does not potentially contain within its mass, but only a hand obedient to the mind can penetrate to this image.† Michelangelo describes in the above quote what it is like to carve a likeness of a person out of a large block of marble. As we know from seeing his work, he did an excellent job with this task. Bernini did just as fine a job on his, but in a much different way as you will see in the following pages. Michelangelo Michelangelo was born on March 6, 1475, in Caprese, Italy, a tiny village, owned by the nearby city-state of Florence. His father was the mayor. He attended school in Florence,†¦show more content†¦Frederick Hartt does an excellent job of describing the essence of the statue: â€Å"Throughout the statue, but especially in the head, the conflict between line and form†¦ †¦is intensified and deepened. The features are more deeply undercut than in any of the earlier works, possibly because of the height from which the statue was originally intended to be seen. †¦The enormous eyes †¦seem at once liquid and fiery. The flat planes joining at determined angles underlie all the construction of the David, not only in the squared-off masses of the features but throughout the knotty, bony, sinewy, half- developed, and unprecedentedly beautiful torso and legs. For the first time Michelangelo is able to embody in the quality of a single human body all the passionate drama of a man’s inner nature. The sinews of the neck seem to tense and relax, the veins of the neck, hands and wrists to fill, the nostrils to pinch, the belly muscles to contract and the chest to lift with the intake of breath, the nipples to shrink and erect, the whole pr oud being to quiver like a war horse that smells the battle. But the nature of the battle there is no indication whatever; it is eternal and in every man† (Hartt 112). Once the statue was completed, a committee of citizens and artists convened to decide where the statue

Rediscovering SWOT Integrative Nature †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Rediscovering SWOT Integrative Nature. Answer: Introduction: There are a number of main strategy development tools which are used by organisations for determining various micro and macro factors that affect their business. The companies use these tools to create strategies for addressing current and future business issues and improving the performance of the firm. This paper will discuss three of the most common strategy development tools which are used by organisations across the globe which include Porter five forces model, Resource-based view model and SWOT analysis. In order to understand how each of these models is used, examples of companies from different industries will be analysed in the essay. This essay will evaluate the examples of Woolworths Limited, Honda and BHP Billiton for understanding Porter five forces model, Resource-based view model and SWOT analysis respectively. The five forces model was developed by Michael Porter in 1979, and it assists companies in evaluating the competitiveness of an industry. The potential entrants, substitutes, industry competitors, buyers and suppliers are included in five forces which are useful means of analysing industrial environments and these factors also assists companies in selecting effective strategies for generating a competitive advantage (Jurevicius, 2013). The competition in the industry is an important force because a large number of competitors and their capabilities threaten a corporations profitability. The potential of new entrants is increased if there is a requirement of less time and money and increase in new entrants resulted in increasing competition of an enterprise which negatively affects its growth. The power of suppliers is referred to the ability of suppliers in the industry to raise prices of goods and services (Moreno-Izquierdo, Ramon-Rodriguez and Perles-Ribes, 2016). The power of buye rs is referred to customers ability to drive up prices of products and services. Suppliers power deals with the ability of suppliers to increase the prices of raw materials or services. The threat of substitutes is referred to alternative products or services that can be purchased by customers in place of a companys products which increases competition for the firm. Example Woolworths Limited operates in Australian retailing industry and it is the second largest firm in Australia in terms of revenue. The bargaining power of suppliers low because there are a large number of suppliers available in the industry and the company enters into a contract with them due to which they cannot hike their prices (Arli et al., 2013). The power of customers is low to medium because there are no switching costs for customers. However, customers rely on Woolworths because it offers high quality fresh food products. The threat of new retailers is low because initial investment is high and heavy competition from established market leaders such as Coles, ALDI, Big W and others (Keith, 2012). The threat of substitutes is low to medium because customers can easily purchase products from Woolworths competitors. The competition rivalry is high in the sector because a large number of competitors operate which offers competitive pricing such as Coles, Big W and ALDI. Resource-based View Model Analysis Resource-based view (RBV) model is used while analysing and interpreting resources of a company in order to understand how organisations achieve a sustainable competitive advantage in the industry. The RBV model primarily focuses on the theory of difficult-to-imitate characteristics of an enterprise for analysing sources which have superior performance capabilities which result in providing a competitive advantage of the firm (Nason and Wiklund, 2018). Resources which not be purchased by an enterprise and require an extended learning curve are more likely to be customised as per the companys requirements, and they are more difficult to be imitated by the competitors. The RGV model focuses on an inside-out look at the companys resources and analyses why they succeed or failed in the marketplace. Resources which pass the VRIO model have characteristics of generating a competitive advantage. Both tangible and intangible resources can provide a competitive advantage to an enterprise. The VRIO model analyses resources which are valuable, rare, inimitable and organised (Bromiley and Rau, 2016). This model is used by the top-level management, and they use it by analysing attributes of different resources of the firm and leveraging the once which incorporates characteristics of VRIO model. Example Honda is one of the largest engine manufacturers in the world, and it uses RBV strategy to maintain its competitive advantage in the industry. The company has developed a business strategy which revolves around its strength, expertise and capability in building petrol based engines. The corporation started its operations by building small clip-on engines for bicycles. It expanded its operations by manufacturing engines for scooters and motorbikes. Based on the effectiveness of its resources, the corporation started launching generators, marine engines, car engines, lawn and garden equipment and jet planes (Madhani, 2010). Each of these products required different levels of experience and product knowledge, however, Honda leverages its unique capability to build world-class petrol based engines. SWOT Analysis The SWOT analysis is a strategic planning method which is used by organisations for evaluating strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of a business. It assists in analysing factors that affect the success or failure of our business. The strengths and weaknesses of an enterprise are its internal factors whereas opportunities and threats include external factors (Bell and Rochford, 2016). The internal strengths of a company include positive working environment, leadership effectiveness, and human resource abilities. External opportunities include changing interest rates, relaxation in government regulations, and high competition. This model is used by top-level management of a company. It assists management in developing business strategies that are based on their internal strengths and external opportunities which assist them in improving their profitability and generating a competitive advantage. Example BHP Billiton is an Anglo-Australian mining, metal and petroleum company. The company uses SWOT analysis while developing future business strategies. The strengths of BHP include strong market position, diversified revenue stream, strong international presence, strong workforce and effective corporate social responsibility structure which positive influence its brand image (Pellegrino and Lodhia, 2012). The companys weaknesses include past workplace accident cases which affect its brand image and government intervention in operation. External opportunities include expansion in copper and coal sector, acquisition of smaller enterprises, and associations with global companies. External threats include a reduction in export demand in foreign countries due to improvement in in-house production and intense competition (Floris, Grant and Cutcher, 2013). In order to address these issues, the company focuses on acquiring small enterprises, and it uses effective marketing scheme to in crease its international market. In conclusion, management uses different strategy development tools for analysing micro and macro factors that influence a firms operations. Effective evaluation of these tools provides crucial information to the management which assists them in selecting competitive strategies. Porters five forces framework, Resource-based view model and SWOT analysis are three of the most common strategy development tool which enables management in developing strategies that are focused to addressing business issues and generating a competitive advantage for the company. References Arli, V., Dylke, S., Burgess, R., Campus, R. and Soldo, E. (2013) Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration.Journal of Economics, Business Accountancy Ventura,16(1). Bell, G.G. and Rochford, L. (2016) Rediscovering SWOTs integrative nature: A new understanding of an old framework.The International Journal of Management Education,14(3), pp.310-326. Bromiley, P. and Rau, D. (2016) Operations management and the resource based view: Another view.Journal of Operations Management,41, pp.95-106. Floris, M., Grant, D. and Cutcher, L. (2013) Mining the discourse: Strategizing during BHP Billiton's attempted acquisition of Rio Tinto.Journal of Management Studies,50(7), pp.1185-1215. Jurevicius, O. (2013) Porters Five Forces. [Online] Strategic Management Insight. Available at: https://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/tools/porters-five-forces.html [Accessed 19 April 2018]. Keith, S. (2012) Coles, Woolworths and the local.Locale: The Australasian-Pacific Journal of Regional Food Studies,2, pp.47-81. Madhani, P.M. (2010) Resource based view (RBV) of competitive advantage: an overview. The ICFEI University Press. Moreno-Izquierdo, L., Ramn-Rodrguez, A.B. and Perles-Ribes, J.F. (2016) Pricing strategies of the European low-cost carriers explained using Porter's Five Forces Model.Tourism Economics,22(2), pp.293-310. Nason, R.S. and Wiklund, J. (2018) An assessment of resource-based theorizing on firm growth and suggestions for the future.Journal of Management,44(1), pp.32-60. Pellegrino, C. and Lodhia, S. (2012) Climate change accounting and the Australian mining industry: exploring the links between corporate disclosure and the generation of legitimacy.Journal of Cleaner Production,36, pp.68-82.